Isikhokelo kumaBanga eAluminiyam

IAluminiyam yenye yezona zinto zixhaphake kakhulu emhlabeni, kwaye yenye yezona zinto zidumileyo kwisinyithi.Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-aluminiyam kunye ne-alloys zayo zixabiswa ngenxa yoxinano oluphantsi kunye nomlinganiselo ophezulu wokuqina kobunzima, ukuqina, kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola.Ekubeni i-aluminiyam inamaxesha angama-2.5 ngaphantsi kwentsimbi, yeyona ndlela ibalaseleyo yentsimbi kwizicelo ezifuna ukuhamba kunye nokuphatheka.

Xa kusetyenzwa nge-aluminiyam ngoku kukho amabakala asibhozo amabakala asetyenziswayo ukuhlela iindidi ezahlukeneyo zealloyi ekhoyo.Inqaku elilandelayo liza kugubungela amabanga ahlukeneyo e-aluminiyam ekhoyo, iimpawu zabo zomzimba nezomatshini, kunye nezinye zezona zinto ziqhelekileyo zisetyenziswa.

1000 Series - "Pure" Aluminium

Iintsimbi ze-1000 zezona zicocekileyo ezikhoyo, eziqulethwe ngama-99% okanye ngaphezulu komxholo we-aluminium.Ngokubanzi, ezi ayizizo ezona zikhetho zinamandla ezikhoyo, kodwa zinokusebenza okumangalisayo kwaye zinokhetho oluguquguqukayo, olulungele ukwenza nzima, ukusonta, ukuwelda kunye nokunye.

Ezi alloys zihlala zixhathisa kakhulu kwi-corrosion kwaye zine-conductivity egqwesileyo ye-thermal kunye ne-electrical conductivity, ezenza zibe lukhetho oludumileyo kwiinkqubo ezininzi ezifana nokulungiswa kokutya kunye nokupakishwa, ukugcinwa kweekhemikhali kunye nezicelo zokuhambisa umbane.

2000 Series - Copper Alloys

Ezi ngxubevange zisebenzisa ubhedu njengento yazo ephambili ukongeza kwi-aluminiyam kwaye inokunyangwa ngobushushu ukuze ibanike ubunzima obubalaseleyo kunye nokuqina, xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintsimbi.Banobugcisa obugqwesileyo kunye nomlinganiselo omkhulu wamandla-kubunzima;ukudityaniswa kwezi mpawu kubenza babe lukhetho oludumileyo kwishishini le-aerospace.

Enye into engalunganga kwezi ngxubevange kukunganyangeki kwe-corrosion, ngoko zihlala zipeyintwa okanye zinxitywe nge-alloy yococeko oluphezulu xa usetyenziso lwazo luthetha ukuba ziya kubonakaliswa kwizinto.

3000 Series – Manganese Alloys

Uthotho lwama-3000 eengxubevange zemanganese ngokuyintloko zilungele yonke injongo yokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwaye ziphakathi kwezona khetho zidumileyo ezikhoyo namhlanje.Banamandla aphakathi, ukuxhathisa umhlwa kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.Olu ngcelele luqulethe enye yezona zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu ialluminiyam ialloys kuzo zonke, i-3003, edumileyo ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo, ukuwelda okugqwesileyo kunye nokugqiba okuthandekayo.

Olu luhlu lwemathiriyeli lunokufumaneka kwizinto ezahlukeneyo zemihla ngemihla ezifana nempahla yokupheka, imiqondiso, ukunyathela, ukugcinwa kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi ezenziwe ngentsimbi ezifana nophahla kunye nokugalela amanzi.

I-4000 Series - ii-Silicon Alloys

I-alloys kolu luhlu zidityaniswe nesilicon, usetyenziso lwayo oluphambili kukuthoba indawo yokunyibilika yemathiriyeli ngelixa igcina i-ductility yayo.Ngenxa yesi sizathu, i-Alloy 4043 yinto eyaziwayo yokukhetha ucingo lwe-welding, ilungele ukusetyenziswa kumaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo kwaye inika ukugqiba okugudileyo kunezinye iindlela ezininzi.

Uluhlu lwe-4000 ngokubanzi lubonelela ngokusebenza kakuhle kwe-thermal kunye nombane kwaye lunokuxhathisa okulungileyo kokuhlwa, okwenza ezi ngxube zibe lukhetho oludumileyo kubunjineli beemoto.

5000 Series - Magnesium Alloys

Ii-alloys ze-5000 ze-series zidibene ne-magnesium, kodwa ezininzi ziqulethe izinto ezongezelelweyo ezifana ne-manganese okanye i-chromium.Banikezela ngokumelana nomhlwa okungaqhelekanga, okubenza babe lukhetho oludumileyo kwizicelo zaselwandle ezinje ngeenqanawa zamaphenyane kunye nolunye usetyenziso oluthe ngqo kushishino olubandakanya iitanki zokugcina, iivalvu zoxinzelelo kunye neitanki zecryogenic.

Ezi ngxubevange eziguquguqukayo kakhulu zigcina amandla aphakathi, ukuwelda kwaye zisabela kakuhle ekusebenzeni nasekuyilweni.Enye isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyoucingo weldingyenziwe kwi-Alloy 5356, ehlala ikhethwa ngeenjongo zobuhle njengoko igcina umbala wayo emva kwe-anodising.

I-6000 Series - i-Magnesium kunye ne-Silicon Alloys

I-6000 ye-aluminium series grade iqulethe i-0.2-1.8% ye-silicon kunye ne-0.35-1.5% ye-magnesium njengezinto eziphambili zokudibanisa.La mabanga anokuba sisisombululo esinobushushu ukunyusa amandla esivuno sawo.Imvula ye-magnesium-silicide ngexesha lokuguga iqinisa i-alloy.Umxholo ophezulu we-silicon wongeza ukuqina kwemvula, okunokubangela ukuncipha kwe-ductility.Sekunjalo, esi siphumo sinokutshintshwa ngokongeza i-chromium kunye ne-manganese, ecinezela i-recrystallization ngexesha lonyango lobushushu.La mabanga acela umngeni kwi-weld ngenxa yobuntununtunu bokuqina kokuqhekeka, ngoko ke iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuwelda kufuneka zisetyenziswe.

I-Aluminiyam 6061 yeyona nto iguquguqukayo phakathi kwe-alloys ye-aluminium ephathwa ngobushushu.Inokwakheka okugqwesileyo (ukusebenzisa ukugoba, umzobo onzulu, kunye nesitampu), ukumelana nokubola okuhle, kwaye inokudityaniswa kusetyenziswa nayiphi na indlela, kubandakanya i-arc welding.Izinto ze-alloying ze-6061 ziyenza ixhathise ukubola kunye nokuqhekeka koxinzelelo, kwaye iyathandeka kwaye iyabumbeka ngokulula.I-Aluminium 6061 isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa zonke iifom ze-aluminiyam yezakhiwo ze-aluminium, kubandakanywa i-angles, i-beams, i-channel, i-I beams, ii-T shapes, kunye nee-radius kunye neekona ezinqamlekileyo, zonke ezibizwa ngokuba yi-American Standard beams kunye namajelo.

I-Aluminiyam 6063 inamandla aphezulu okuqina, ukuxhathisa okulungileyo kokuhlwa, kunye neempawu ezigqwesileyo zokugqiba, kwaye isetyenziselwa ukukhutshwa kwe-aluminium.Ilungele i-anodizing kuba inokuvelisa iindawo ezigudileyo emva kokwenza iimilo ezintsonkothileyo kwaye inokwazi ukuwelda kakuhle kunye nokusebenziseka komndilili.I-Aluminiyam 6063 ibizwa ngokuba yi-aluminiyam yoyilo kuba isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiintsimbi, iifestile kunye neefreyimu zocango, uphahla, kunye neebhalustrade.

I-Aluminiyam 6262 yi-alloy ye-free-machining enamandla agqwesileyo omatshini kunye nokumelana nomhlwa.

7000 Series - Zinc Alloys

Ii-alloys ezinamandla kakhulu ezikhoyo, zomelele ngakumbi kuneentlobo ezininzi zentsimbi, uluhlu lwe-7000 luqulethe i-zinc njenge-arhente yabo ephambili, kunye nomlinganiselo omncinci we-magnesium okanye ezinye izinyithi ezibandakanyiweyo ukunceda ukugcina ukusebenza okuthile.Le ndibaniselwano ibangela intsimbi eqine kakhulu, eyomeleleyo, ekwaziyo ukumelana noxinzelelo.

Ezi alloys ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso ye-aerospace ngenxa yomlinganiselo wabo obalaseleyo wobunzima bobunzima, kunye nezinto zemihla ngemihla ezifana nezixhobo zemidlalo kunye neebhumpa zemoto.

8000 Series - Ezinye Iindidi ze-alloy

Uluhlu lwe-8000 luxutywe kunye neentlobo zezinye izinto ezifana nentsimbi kunye ne-lithium.Ngokubanzi, zidalwe ngeenjongo ezithe ngqo kumashishini aziingcali ezifana ne-aerospace kunye nobunjineli.Banikezela ngeepropati ezifanayo kwi-series ye-1000 kodwa ngamandla aphezulu kunye nokwakheka.